A Theory of Cultural Value Orientations: Explication and Applications.

A Theory of Cultural Value Orientations Explication and Applications. Shalom H. Schwartz, social psychologist and reference ofa theory of ethnical value orientations has done research onuniversal valuesand how they dwell in a wide miscellanea of contexts. Most of his work addressed broad questions about values, such as how are individuals priorities affected by social experiences, how do individuals priorities influence their demeanour and choices, and, how do value priorities influence ideologies, attitudes, and actions in political, religious, environmental, and other domains.Through his studies, Schwartz concluded that decennary types of universal values exist achievement, benevolence, conformity,hedonism, power, security, self-direction, stimulation, tradition, anduniversalism. Schwartz also tested the possibility of spiritualismas an eleventh universal value, but found that it did not exist in all cultures. Schwartzs value theory and instruments are part of the periodicalE uropean Social Survey.His work presents a theory of seven pagan value orientations that form three cultural value dimensions. applies it to understanding relations of culture to significant societal phenomena. In this theory we can celebrate Shwartzs conception of culture, a conception of the normative value constitution that underlies social practices and institutions. He derived seven value orientations that are useful for describing and comparing societies. His research is based on analyses of data across 75 countries.Using the cultural orientations, Shwartz generated a worldwide empirical mapping of 75 national cultures that identifies 7 transnational cultural groupings West European, English-speaking, Latin American, East European, South Asian, Confucian influenced, and African and Middle Eastern. There are briefly discussed cultural characteristics of these groupings. as well as Ive found the examples of socioeconomic, political, and demographic factors that give rise to national differences on the cultural value dimensions, factors that are influenced by culture.